Tiryns “Bee-Hive” Tombs.

Despite not having “modern” technology, ancient civilizations demonstrated remarkable ingenuity and sophistication in their approach to geotechnical engineering challenges which is impressive, considering that true geotechnical engineering involves having to have a clear understanding of the properties of both soil and rock, as well as being able to effectively manipulate both for the construction of structures, transportation networks, water management systems and more. Ancient societies developed the techniques and structures that laid the foundation for modern geotechnical engineering principles thousands of years ago. Tiryns is a Mycenaean archaeological site in Argolis in the Peloponnese, and the location from which the mythical hero Heracles was said to have performed his Twelve Labours. Tiryns is first referenced by Homer, who praised its massive walls.

Excellent examples of the competence of the Mycenaeans in geotechnical construction are the “bee-hive” tombs. The construction method of these tombs is similar to the Cut & Cover method of construction: The hill is excavated; the vault is constructed and then soil is placed on top of it.

Two sources of information on Mycenaean Geotechnical Practice: From archaeological findings/remains (soils testing and analysis) and literature resources/ancient texts (geotechnical reports).

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